COMMANDS that can be used in Ubuntu
COMMANDS that can be used in Ubuntu
This list is a reference that is handy. All of the commands are used within the Terminal…
How To Open The Terminal: Applications > Accessories > Terminal
The Commands:
(commands are shown in preformatted text)
USB:
lsusb
- Shows USB connected hardware
lshw -C usb
- Additional info on USB related hardware (good for USB dongles)
GENERAL NETWORKING:
lspci -v | less
- What chipset does the card have?
ifconfig
- lists IP address (similar to ipconfig in Windows)
iwlist scan
- shows wireless networks that are available in the area along with basic encryption information
lshw -C network
- Shows interface and driver associated with each networking device
lspci -nn
- Shows hardware connected to the pci bus
ROUTING:
route -n
- Lists kernel IP routing table — Good for troubleshooting problems with the gateway (netstat -rn = equivalent command)
sudo route add default gw 192.168.1.1
- Example of how to set the default gateway to 192.168.1.1
sudo route del default gw 192.168.1.1 - Example of how to delete the default gateway setting
DNS:
cat /etc/resolv.conf
- Lists DNS servers associated with network connections (Network Manager)
/etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf
- File which sets or modifies dns (domain name servers) settings
PCI:
lspci -nn
- Shows hardware connected to the pci bus
MODULES:
cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist
- List modules that will not be loaded by the Operating System at boot time
lsmod
- lists currently loaded kernel modules. (Example usage – lsmod | grep ndiswrapper)
sudo modprobe *****
- Loads the kernel module **** . (Example usage – sudo modprobe ndiswrapper, sudo modprobe r818x, sudo modprobe ath_pci)
sudo modprobe -r ****
- Unloades the kernel module ****. (Example usage – sudo modprobe -r ndiswrapper)
dmesg | more
- Lists boot log — good for troubleshooting problems with modules/drivers not being loaded
INTERFACE:
sudo ifup/ifdown <interface>
- Brings up/down the interface and clears the routing table for the specified interface
sudo ifconfig <interface> up/down
- Brings up/down the interface for the specified interface
sudo dhclient <interface>
- Request IP address from DNS server for specified interface
sudo dhclient -r <interface>
- Release IP address associated with specified interface
/etc/iftab
(Feisty and pre-releases (Edgy, etc)) – /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules (Gutsy) – File which assigns logical names (eth0, wlan0, etc) to MAC addresses
FIREWALL:
sudo iptables -L
- Lists firewall rules
KERNEL:
uname -r
- Displays kernel version
Credit for the original list of commands goes to kevdog: http://ubuntuforums.org/member.php?u=257393
Here is another list of helpful commands:
good.